Neurobiology of Aging
Volume 30, Issue 6 , Pages 898-902 , June 2009

Serum 24S-hydroxycholesterol and hippocampal size in middle-aged normal individuals

  • Janka Koschack

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Straße 5, D-37075 Göttingen, FRG, Germany
    • Department of General Practice, University of Göttingen, Germany
    • ,
  • Dieter Lütjohann

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany
    • ,
  • Carsten Schmidt-Samoa

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Straße 5, D-37075 Göttingen, FRG, Germany
    • ,
  • Eva Irle

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Straße 5, D-37075 Göttingen, FRG, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +551 398950; fax: +551 3912712.

Received 16 August 2007 ,Revised 5 October 2007 ,Accepted 18 October 2007.

References 

  1. Björkhem I, Lütjohann D, Breuer O, Sakinis A, Wennmalm A. Importance of a novel oxidative mechanism for elimination of brain cholesterol. Turnover of cholesterol and 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol in rat brain as measured with 18O2 techniques in vivo and in vitro. J. Biol Chem. 1997;272:30178–30184
  2. Björkhem I, Lütjohann D, Diczfalusy U, Stahle L, Ahlborg G, Wahren J. Cholesterol homeostasis in human brain: turnover of 24S-hydroxycholesterol and evidence for a cerebral origin of most of this oxysterol in the circulation. J. Lipid Res. 1998;39:1594–1600
  3. Braak H, Braak E. Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes. Acta Neuropathol. 1991;82:239–259
  4. Den Heijer T, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ. Breteler MMB. Serum lipids and hippocampal volume: the link to Alzheimer's disease?. Ann Neurol. 2005;57:779–780
  5. Den Heijer T, Geerlings MI, Hoebeek FE, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Breteler MMB. Use of hippocampal and amygdalar volumes on magnetic resonance imaging to predict dementia in cognitively intact elderly people. Arch. Gen. Psychiatr. 2006;63:57–62
  6. Gosche KM, Mortimer JA, Smith CD, Markesbery WR, Snowdon DA. Hippocampal volume as an index of Alzheimer neuropathology. Neurology. 2002;58:1476–1482
  7. Kivipelto M, Helkala E-L, Laakso MP, Hänninen T, Hallikainen M, Alhainen K, et al. Midlife vascular risk factors and Alzheimer's disease in later life: longitudinal, population based study. BMJ. 2001;322:1447–1451
  8. Koschack J, Irle E. Small hippocampal size in cognitively normal subjects with coronary artery disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2005;26:865–871
  9. Leoni V, Masterman T, Mousavi FS, Wretlind B, Wahlund LO, Diczfalusy U, et al. Diagnostic use of cerebral and extracerebral osysterols. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2004;42:186–191
  10. Lund EG, Guileyardo JM, Russell DW. cDNA cloning of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase, a mediator of cholesterol homeostasis in the brain. PNAS. 1999;96:7238–7243
  11. Lütjohann D, Breuer O, Ahlborg G, Nennesmo I, Siden A, Diczfalusy U, et al. Cholesterol homeostasis in human brain: evidence for an age-dependent flux of 24S-hydroxycholesterol from the brain into the circulation. PNAS. 1996;93:9799–9804
  12. Lütjohann D, Papassotiropoulos A, Björkhem I, Locatelli S, Bagli M, Oehring RD, et al. Plasma 24S-hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol) is increased in Alzheimer and vascular demented patients. J. Lipid Res. 2000;41:195–198
  13. Lütjohann D, von Bergmann K. 24S-hydroxycholesterol: a marker of brain cholesterol metabolism. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2003;36(Suppl 2):S102–S106
  14. Michikawa M. Cholesterol paradox: Is high total or low HDL cholesterol level a risk for Alzheimer's disease. J. Neurosci. Res. 2003;72:141–146
  15. Notkola IL, Sulkava R, Pekkanan J, Erkinjuntti T, Ehnholm C, Kivinen P, et al. Serum total cholesterol, apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele, and Alzheimer's disease. Neuroepidemiology. 1998;17:14–20
  16. Papassotiropoulos A, Lütjohann D, Bagli M, Locatelli S, Jessen F, Buschfort R, et al. 24S-hydroxycholesterol in cerebrospinal fluid is elevated in early stages of dementia. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2002;36:27–32
  17. Pruessner JC, Li LM, Serles W, Pruessner M, Collins DL, Kabani N, et al. Volumetry of hippocampus and amygdala with high-resolution MRI and three-dimensional analysis software: minimizing the discrepancies between laboratories. Cereb Cortex. 2000;10:433–442
  18. Teunissen CE, De Vente J, von Bergmann K, Bosma H, van Boxtel MPJ, De Bruijn C, et al. Serum cholesterol, precursors and metabolites and cognitive performances in an aging population. Neurobiol. Aging. 2003;24:147–155
  19. Thelen KM, Falkai P, Bayer TA, Lütjohann D. Cholesterol synthesis rate in human hippocampus declines with aging. Neurosci. Lett. 2006;403:15–19
  20. Wittchen HU, Zaudig M, Frydrich T. Strukturiertes Klinisches Interview für DSM-IV. Achse I und II. Göttingen. FRG: Hogrefe. 1997;
  21. Wolf H, Jekic V, Gertz HJ, Nordberg A, Julin P, Wahlund L-O. A critical discussion of the role of neuroimaging in mild cognitive impairment. Acta Neurol. Scand. 2003;107(Suppl. 179):52–76
  22. Wolf H, Hensel A, Arendt T, Kivipelto M, Winblad B, Gertz HJ. Serum lipids and hippocampal volume: the link to Alzheimer's disease?. Ann Neurol. 2004;56:745–748
  23. Wolf H, Kivipelto M, Hensel A, Winblad B, Riedel-Heller SG, Gertz HJ. Serum lipids and hippocampal volume: the link to Alzheimer's disease? Author reply. Ann Neurol. 2005;57:780
  24. Wood WG, Schroeder F, AvdulovNA , Chochina SV, Igbavboa U. Recent advances in brain cholesterol dynamics: transport, domains, and Alzheimer's disease. Lipids. 1999;34:225–234

PII: S0197-4580(07)00411-3

doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.10.010

Neurobiology of Aging
Volume 30, Issue 6 , Pages 898-902 , June 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution